数据流动交易模式分类与规模估算初探Data Flow & Transaction Mode Classification and An Explorative Estimation on Data Storage & Transaction Volume
蔡跃洲;刘悦欣;
摘要(Abstract)：
社会各界高度关注数据要素及其流动交易,但过于聚焦个人行为数据和数据交易所模式。为更为全面地反映数据流动交易状况,在对不同视角数据要素分类归纳的基础上,按照数据涉及行为主体,从个人数据、企业数据、公共数据三个方面对数据流动交易模式进行系统梳理,并综合不同来源的资料,对全球主要经济体当下数据资源和数据市场交易规模及其趋势特征进行了估算分析。研究结果表明:(1)丰富的现实场景决定了数据分类的多样性,而不同类型数据的涉及主体、权属划分、信息密度等特征存在较大差异,由此带来流动交易模式及收益分配的复杂性。(2)全球数据流动交易呈现产品化、服务化和平台化趋势特征。(3)全球主要经济体都存在数据生成规模与数据存储规模失衡,中国的情况尤为突出。(4)全球数据交易市场处于初期快速发展阶段,成交规模数量级大致为千亿美元,中国的数据要素市场发育更不充分,规模仅为全球的10%左右。社会各界应充分意识到数据要素分类和数据流动交易的多样性、复杂性以及相关制度体系构建的艰巨性、长期性,并顺应这些特点着力健全数据分级分类、加强存力算力基础设施建设、培育数据交易开发专业机构、完善数据治理体系。
关键词(KeyWords)： 数据要素;数据分类;流动交易模式;生成存储规模;交易成交规模
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目“新一代信息技术影响增长动力及产业结构的理论与经验研究”(71873144);国家自然科学基金重大项目“宏观大数据建模和预测研究”(71991475)~~
作者(Authors): 蔡跃洲;刘悦欣;
DOI: 10.19602/j.chinaeconomist.2022.11.04
参考文献(References)：
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- (1)例如,可以根据与个人财务历史相关的许多因素计算信用分数。 (2)法律概念,指单一合同中含有两个法律关系。 (3)数据由国家互联网信息办公室2022年公布。 (4)数据由中国信息通信研究院、中国网络空间研究院202l年公布。 (5)根据IDC的估计,全球存量数据中,大约有90%是在过去三年中创造的,以每年40%左右递增。 1 For instance, credit score can be calculated according to many factors related to personal financial history. 2 Composite Transaction means a contemporaneous sale, refinancing or other disposition of all three properties(exclusive of the Distribution Center). 3 The State Internet Information Office. Digital China Development Report(2021). 4 CAICT and Chinese Academy of Cyberspace Studies(CACS). National Data Resources Survey Report(2020). 5 According to the IDC’s estimate, some 90%of global data stock was created over the past three years with an annual growth rate of about 40%.